Future Democracy

Constitution of the Democratic World

(Plain text version — for others see CConstitution.)
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In effect since 2023-02-28 as published worldwide on http://Future-Democracy.info. Table of Contents: PreambleArticle 01 — AmbitArticle 02 — Basic Societal StructuresArticle 03 — Higher Societal StructuresArticle 04 — The World CommunityArticle 05 — Self-Administration / Real DemocracyArticle 06 — The Educational SystemArticle 07 — The Conflict-Solving SystemArticle 08 — Dealing With Dangerous IndividualsArticle 09 — Investigating Grave Harmful ActionsArticle 10 — The Cooperation SystemArticle 11 — Domestic EconomyArticle 12 — External RelationsArticle 13 — Transformation ProvisionsArticle 14 — Constitution Modification RightsArticle 15 — Constitution Translation Rights

Preamble

‌ In order to build, and maintain for all time, a social system that without coercion, without violence, and without manipulation enables all human beings to have a life that can last as long, and contains as much pleasure and as little misery, as is possible by all practicable means, realized by a real democracy that gives every human being the greatest possible self-determination, and in which all human beings, freely and fully equitably, govern their joint life on all societal levels by reliable, comprehensively effective self-administration in full self-responsibility, and in order to overcome, without coercion, without violence, and without manipulation, all existing worse social orders as quickly as possible and unstoppably, avoiding all avoidable risks, and to render absolutely impossible the resurgence of worse social orders, this Constitution has been developed in decades-long, completely independent, universally scientific work, motivated solely by the goals mentioned in this preamble.

Article 1 — Ambit

‌ (1) This Constitution applies with immediate effect to every person who, in a language they for this purpose sufficiently master, has perceived it in its entirety, has to their own judgment sufficiently understood it, and approves of it, for as long as they approve of it. That person is then considered part of the Democratic World according to this Constitution. (2) A person for the purpose of Paragraph (1) is in case of doubt every being that, as an individual, claims to be a person. (3) This Constitution does not automatically render ineffective any competing social orders, especially when they resort to violence, for instance in the form of a police, to force themselves upon each person they consider their property (“citizenship”) against the person’s free will. Overcoming such hostile social orders is dealt with in Article 12 Paragraph (7) and Article 13.

Article 2 — Basic Societal Structures

‌ (1) All persons that according to Article 1 are part of the Democratic World, organize themselves for permanent largely autarkical social self-administration in Democratic Communes, associations of each not considerably fewer than 200 and not considerably more than 1000 members who organize their everyday life directly together. (2) As long as persons that according to Article 1 are part of the Democratic World cannot with practicable effort find or form a suitable Democratic Commune according to Paragraph (1), they alternatively organize themselves in Democratic Groups, associations of each not fewer than 12 and not more than 50 members whose primary goal it is to found together with other Democratic Groups a Democratic Commune according to Paragraph (1), and who already follow this Constitution as far as possible to practice self-administration of their everyday life. (3) As long as persons that according to Article 1 are part of the Democratic World cannot with practicable effort find or form neither a suitable Democratic Commune according to Paragraph (1) nor a Democratic Group according to Paragraph (2), they alternatively organize themselves as soon as possible in Launch Cores, associations of each not fewer than 2 and not more than 11 members whose goal it is to add further members in order to form a Democratic Group according to Paragraph (2). (4) All basic societal entities, that is all instances of basic societal structures according to the Paragraphs (1) to (3), can at their own discretion admit further members, or according to Article 7 Paragraph (9) expel members, or dissolve themselves as an entity, and all members can at any time end their membership and leave the societal entity in order to join another entity, or to leave the Democratic World altogether. (5) When a Democratic Commune according to Paragraph (1) falls below the minimum size given therein, it must be dissolved into Democratic Groups according to Paragraph (2). (6) When a Democratic Group according to Paragraph (2) falls below the minimum size given therein, it must be dissolved into Launch Cores according to Paragraph (3). (7) When a Democratic Commune according to Paragraph (1) exceeds the maximum size given therein, it must be split into at least two new Democratic Communes according to Paragraph (1). (8) When a Democratic Group according to Paragraph (2) exceeds the maximum size given therein, it must be split into at least two new Democratic Groups according to Paragraph (2). (9) All status changes according to the Paragraphs (4) to (8) are to be coordinated by the Administrative Sector “System Performance” according to Article 5 Paragraph (2).

Article 3 — Higher Societal Structures

‌ (1) A neighborhood of abidingly closely cooperating Democratic Communes according to Article 2, whose combined membership size is not considerably lower than 4000 and not considerably higher than 20,000, can form a Democratic Association, if they each do not already belong to one. (2) A neighborhood of abidingly closely cooperating Democratic Associations according to Paragraph (1), whose combined membership size is not considerably lower than 80,000 and not considerably higher than 400,000, can form a Democratic Union, if they each do not already belong to one. (3) A neighborhood of abidingly closely cooperating Democratic Unions according to Paragraph (2), whose combined membership size is not considerably lower than 1.6 million and not considerably higher than 8.0 million, can form a Democratic Region, if they each do not already belong to one. (4) A neighborhood of abidingly closely cooperating Democratic Regions according to Paragraph (3), whose combined membership size is not considerably lower than 32 million and not considerably higher than 160 million, can form a Democratic Federation, if they each do not already belong to one. (5) The combined membership size for the purpose of the Paragraphs (2) to (4) is the combined membership size of all the Democratic Communes contained within. (6) The higher levels according to the Paragraphs (1) to (4), and the Democratic World Community according to Article 4 only serve to increase the performance capabilites and crisis security of society, and to strengthen the autarky of the levels below them, they however may at no time curtail the self-determination and autarky of the levels below them. This Constitution is for all time the only universally binding law within the Democratic World Community according to Article 4. (7) All higher societal entities, that is all instances of higher societal structures according to the Paragraphs (1) to (4), can at their own discretion admit further member entities of the level directly below themselves, or according to Article 7 Paragraph (9) expel member entities, or dissolve themselves as an entity, and all member entities can at any time end their membership and leave the societal entity in order to join another entity, or to leave that higher societal level altogether. (8) When a higher societal entity, that is an instance of a higher societal structure according to the Paragraphs (1) to (4), falls below the minimum size given therein, it must be dissolved again. Its previous member entities can however continue to cooperate closely together according to Article 10. (9) When a higher societal entity, that is an instance of a higher societal structure according to the Paragraphs (1) to (4), exceeds the maximum size given therein, it must be split into at least two new entities of the same type. (10) All status changes according to the Paragraphs (7) to (9) are to be coordinated by the Administrative Sector “System Performance” according to Article 5 Paragraph (2).

Article 4 — The World Community

‌ All basic and higher societal structures according to Article 2 and Article 3 respectively are at any time united in the Democratic World Community.

Article 5 — Self-Administration / Real Democracy

‌ (1) All societal entities, that is all instances of basic or higher societal structures according to Article 2 or Article 3 respectively and the Democratic World Community according to Article 4, each are administrated by, freely and fully equitably, all their basic level’s members (individuals) via Administrative Sectors wherein each of their basic level’s members at any time has full equitable say and powers, which they can exert as long as they officially, according to Paragraph (7), declare themselves to be one of its managers. (2) Each societal entity according to Paragraph (1) uses at all times at least the three Administrative Sectors “System Performance” (see the Paragraphs (6) and (7)), “Education” (see Article 6), and “Conflict-Solving” (see Articles 7 to 9). (3) Disputes within Administrative Sectors according to Paragraph (1) are settled by them internally with the goal of collective competency development, so that in the end there will stand a solution or decision that all involved managers with conviction deem the factually best one. Neither may majorities simply overrule minorities, nor age, experience, dominant conduct, or extroversion simply overrule younger age, less experience, gentleness, or introversion. (4) All Administrative Sectors according to Paragraph (1) can each define for themselves types of decisions that be “subject to approval by all”, in which henceforth all of its managers must be involved that with practicable effort can be included within an availability period defined for that type of decision, or if such a period has not been defined, within 48 hours. (5) Disestablishing for a particular type of decision the status of being subject to approval by all as defined in Paragraph (4) is for all Administrative Sectors mandatorily a decision subject to approval by all within the meaning of Paragraph (4), and can itself never be disestablished. (6) The Administrative Sector “System Performance” according to Paragraph (2) - decides for its societal entity which further Administrative Sectors will be needed besides those given in Paragraph (2), and defines their tasks, - and it ensures that its societal entity’s Administrative Sectors at all times each have at least one manager according to Paragraph (1), - and that all its societal entity’s managers at all times can employ the greatest possible degree of motivation and commitment. (7) The Administrative Sector “System Performance” according to Paragraph (2) keeps a list for each of its societal entity’s Administrative Sectors with all their current managers according to Paragraph (1); any basic-level member of its societal entity according to Paragraph (1) can at any time (but not more often than twice per day and five times within twenty days) officially declare themselves towards the Administrative Sector “System Performance” to be henceforth a manager of any Administrative Sector or Sectors from that list, or to withdraw that status respectively, upon which the Administrative Sector “System Performance” updates the list accordingly. (8) All managers of an Administrative Sector according to Paragraph (1) serve all members of the societal entity according to Paragraph (1) as contact persons for that Administrative Sector, which is to be ensured by the Administrative Sector “System Performance” according to Paragraph (2). (9) For the purpose of proper distinction from other social orders or concepts that are also called, or were called, “democracy” or even “real democracy” (Greek antiquity, capitalist as well as socialist republics/states, so-called direct democracy as by plebiscite, and others), the real democracy defined in the Paragraphs (1) to (8) can be called “Future Democracy”, “Systematic Democracy”, “Cybernetic Democracy”, or “Full Democracy”.

Article 6 — The Educational System

‌ (1) The Administrative Sector “Education” according to Article 5 Paragraph (2) ensures the best possible education of all managers of its societal entity according to Article 5 Paragraph (1), and the best possible education of all producers and service providers of its societal entity. (2) In Democratic Communes and Democratic Groups according to Article 2, the Administrative Sector “Education” according to Article 5 Paragraph (2) ensures such a general education for all its members and their children that enables them to develop their full potential as free, independent, capable, healthy, happy, and fully self-responsible individuals. To that end, it ensures that they each as quickly as possible learn especially all the fundamental knowledge and skills of autodidacticism (reading, writing, researching, management of learning), self-management, heuristics (including mathematics and informatics), logic, epistemology, eclecticism, biology, psychology, survival, and security. (3) In Democratic Communes and Democratic Groups according to Article 2, the Administrative Sector “Education” according to Article 5 Paragraph (2) furthermore ensures that all persons living in them who are not yet part of the Democratic World according to Article 1 (usually children of their members) as soon as possible can understand this Constitution and get the opportunity to, according to Article 1, become themselves part of the Democratic World and thus also full members of their Democratic Commune or Democratic Group, if they so desire.

Article 7 — The Conflict-Solving System

‌ (1) The Administrative Sector “Conflict-Solving” according to Article 5 Paragraph (2) ensures with the greatest possible comprehensive competency that conflicts of any kind be solved as best as possible, where they exist or arise within its societal entity, or between it and other parts of society or of the environment, when either asked to do so, or when its intervention seems to be called for out of ethical concerns. And it develops methods for avoiding such conflicts, and teaches them to members of its societal entity, whenever and wherever there is need for that. (2) Conflicts for the purpose of Paragraph (1) include firstly disputes, violence, coercion, or momentous manipulation - within or between Administrative Sectors according to Article 5 Paragraph (1), - between members of the societal entity, where no member entity of a lower level according to Article 3 is already responsible for it, and capable to handle it, - and between members of the societal entity and parts of society that are not part of the Democratic World according to Article 1, where no member entity of a lower level according to Article 3 is already responsible for it, and capable to handle it. (3) Conflicts for the purpose of Paragraph (1) include secondly any other grave unethical actions by members of the societal entity, where no member entity of a lower level according to Article 3 is already responsible for it, and capable to handle it. Unethical actions for the purpose of this paragraph are in particular the intentional, or with reasonable effort avoidable, infliction of stress, injury, or death upon any kind of being that usually, when it is not hindered to do so, will react to similar stimuli or threats by retreat or defensive action, except for actions that seem necessary to save, or that in all likelihood will significantly improve, the life of the patient. (4) Conflicts for the purpose of Paragraph (1) include thirdly any violations of the rules of this Constitution, where they fall into the scope of the societal entity. (5) For basic societal entities according to Article 2, conflicts for the purpose of Paragraph (1) include furthermore - disputes, violence, coercion, or momentous manipulation involving children, cohabitants, and/or guests of the societal entity, - grave unethical actions according to Paragraph (3) sentence 2 where they involve children, cohabitants, and/or guests of the societal entity, - and all kinds of intrapsychic conflicts (psychological problems) of members, children, or cohabitants of the societal entity. (6) In all their work according to Paragraph (1), the Administrative Sector “Conflict-Solving” respects, protects, and cultivates the dignity of all the involved parties without any exceptions. Besides ethics, peace within the societal entity, and securing the constitutional order, this is its highest priority. For this purpose, it uses or increases first of all the own competences of all the involved parties. (7) To end violence or other potentially gravely harmful actions, the Administrative Sector “Conflict-Solving” according to Paragraph (1) can use any means that in all likelihood will have less serious consequences for all the involved parties than the action that shall be thus ended, and will try to use the mildest means that can be used under the circumstances with practicable effort and at reasonable risk. (8) Conflicts according to Paragraph (1) where the Administrative Sector “Conflict-Solving” is involved in itself, shall be handled by the Administrative Sector “Conflict-Solving” of the next higher societal level according to Article 3 or Article 4, or if there exists no entity for that, alternatively by any other societal entity’s (according to Article 2, Article 3 or Article 4) Administrative Sector “Conflict-Solving” that is likely to be capable of it, and is called for help accordingly. (9) As the last resort of Conflict-Solving according to Paragraph (1), except for cases where Article 8 must be applied, the Administrative Sector “Conflict-Solving” can recommend to split up the societal entity, or to expel a societal member entity, or, for basic societal entities, to expel an individual member, about which the Administrative Sector “Conflict-Solving” and the Administrative Sector “System Performance” according to Article 5 Paragraph (2) must then decide jointly together as a decision that is mandatorily subject to approval by all within the meaning of Article 5 Paragraph (4).

Article 8 — Dealing With Dangerous Individuals

‌ (1) For ethical and strategic security reasons, the Administrative Sector “Conflict-Solving” according to Article 5 Paragraph (2) can, to protect the societal entity and/or the environment, restrict, with the mildest possible method that serves the purpose at a practicable effort, the freedom of intransigent violent offenders, or intransigent offenders who committed another grave harmful action, for as long as the Administrative Sector “Conflict-Solving” considers them to be a serious threat. (2) The freedom restriction according to Paragraph (1) shall be motivated and characterized solely by ethics; any “punishment” is illicit, for it itself would be conflictful. (3) The offender restricted according to Paragraph (1) shall quite continuously be counseled psychologically by the Administrative Sector “Conflict-Solving” according to Article 5 Paragraph (2) with the goal of their full ethical (re-)habilitation, as long as this seems possible with practicable effort. (4) When a freedom-restricted offender according to Paragraph (1) so desires, they can be transferred to another basic societal entity whose Administrative Sector “Conflict-Solving” according to Article 5 Paragraph (2), having studied the case comprehensively, has decided about how they would treat the offender and has communicated this decision to the offender bindingly. Each freedom-restricted offender according to Paragraph (1) can for this purpose have their case examined by any, but per year not more than 15, different basic societal entities, through their respective Administrative Sector “Conflict-Solving”, if the latter can hear in person both the offender and their restricting Administrative Sector “Conflict-Solving” with practicable effort. (5) Banishing an offender according to Paragraph (1) from the Democratic World is not an option, for ethical and strategic security reasons.

Article 9 — Investigating Grave Harmful Actions

‌ After grave incidents that possibly were caused by some non-accidental harmful action, the Administrative Sector “Conflict-Solving” according to Article 5 Paragraph (2) tries its best (if necessary involving other Administrative Sectors according to Article 5, and/or other societal entities according to Article 2 or Article 3) to elucidate the incident as quickly as possible as correctly as possible, and, where applicable, to identify the offender or offenders in order to work through the case together with them, and if necessary to restrict their freedom according to Article 8.

Article 10 — The Cooperation System

‌ Each basic or higher societal entity according to Article 2 or Article 3 respectively can entertain temporary or permanent cooperative relations with any other entity of the same type on the same level, wherefore it can maintain a distinct Administrative Sector according to Article 5 Paragraph (6).

Article 11 — Domestic Economy

‌ (1) Within the Democratic World Community according to Article 4, every person who according to Article 1 is part of the Democratic World shall always act adhering to real cooperation by never forcing nor manipulating others into complying with what they wish those others to do, and by only complying with the wishes of others where approving of the desired action as such itself. (2) Any forms of trading (I/we will do X for you, if you will do Y for me/us) violate the principles of real cooperation according to Paragraph (1) and are therefore impermissible within the Democratic World Community according to Article 4, where any use of money as ritualized trading is to be treated as a particularly momentous violation according to Article 7 Paragraph (4). (3) All persons who according to Article 1 are part of the Democratic World attentively observe the biological and social needs of all human beings that are in their environment, or who they otherwise encounter, or with whom they otherwise have contact, regardless of whether these too are part of the Democratic World, and will proportionally to the assumed urgency of help, as far as it is practicably possible and is not refused by the other party, strive to support them in fulfilling these needs. (4) All societal entities according to Article 5 Paragraph (1) should, according to Article 5 Paragraph (6), maintain appropriate Administrative Sectors that continuously determine all demands for resources and services, and organize their best possible distribution within the societal entity, and make sure that all demands can be met at all times. (5) To fulfill all demands according to Paragraph (4), the Administrative Sectors for resources and services firstly work closely together with all producers and service providers of its societal entity, and where needed, together with the Administrative Sector “Education” according to Article 5 Paragraph (2) establish further producers or service providers, if any members can be interested in this. (6) To fulfill all demands according to Paragraph (4), the Administrative Sectors for resources and services secondly work closely together with the Administrative Sectors for resources and services of the societal entity of which their own societal entity is a direct member according to Article 3, or if it is no such member anywhere, alternatively with the Administrative Sectors for resources and services of the Democratic World Community according to Article 4. (7) To fulfill all demands according to Paragraph (4), the Administrative Sectors for resources and services thirdly are supported by the Administrative Sector for cooperation according to Article 10, where such exists. (8) To fulfill all demands according to Paragraph (4), the Administrative Sectors for resources and services fourthly are supported by the Administrative Sector for the systems interface according to Article 12 Paragraph (6), where such exists. (9) Within the entire Democratic World Community according to Article 4, all economically worthwhile knowledge gets shared freely and immediately, by the Administrative Sector “Education” according to Article 5 Paragraph (2), which is either given or regularly asks for new information, and then transmits this information to the Administrative Sector “Education” of all societal entities that according to Article 3 or Article 4 are a direct member of its own societal entity, or according to Article 10 entertain cooperative relations with it. (10) Regardless of existing or not existing cooperative relations according to Article 10, all societal entities of the Democratic World give each other crisis support to resolve any emergency, especially where they are geographically located close by each other. In cases of doubt, a claimed emergency is to be investigated as quickly as in the case of confirmation would be ethically justifiable, by one or more societal entities that could give at least some of the necessary help.

Article 12 — External Relations

‌ (1) External relations for the purpose of this Article are all actions and measures by parts of the Democratic World according to Article 1 and Article 4 that relate to parts of other social orders, or to such a social order as a whole, regardless of the geographical location in which they take place. (2) Each societal entity according to Article 5 Paragraph (1) can establish according to Article 5 Paragraph (6) one or more Administrative Sectors that manage the external relations according to Paragraph (1). (3) Each basic societal entity according to Article 2 should, as far as it presumably is necessary, and as far as it is practicable, secure itself and its members against violent assaults, encroachment, and other grave harmful actions that might be committed by parts of other social orders. These security measures should include personal security, object security, and data security, each both on the premises of the societal entity and on the road, including the accompaniment of visitors in either case. (4) The risk of violent assaults, encroachment, or other grave harmful actions committed by parts of other social orders should at all times be minimized strategically by each societal entity according to Article 5 Paragraph (1), among other things by outwardly following any rules such social orders explicitly or implicitly demand, especially also against rules of this very Constitution, as far as this reasonably seems necessary, while cleverly preserving as many freedoms within the societal entity as is practicably possible. (5) In cases where according to Paragraph (4) other rules of this Constitution must necessarily be violated, Article 7 Paragraph (4) must not be applied. However, the Administrative Sector “Conflict-Solving” according to Article 5 Paragraph (2) can contest the responsible party’s judgment of necessity, which must then be re-examined as soon as practicably possible in a decision process equalling that described in Article 5 Paragraph (3), involving both the responsible party and the Administrative Sector “Conflict-Solving”, during which Article 7 Paragraph (4) will again be in full force without exception for the disputed case. (6) Where the economy can fulfill the demands only with resources or services that must be provided by parts of one or more other social orders (dependency on imports), there must be maintained according to Article 5 Paragraph (6) an Administrative Sector for the systems interface that ensures reliable appropriate export-import relations, and for these can in particular also conduct trading or use money as much as is necessary in these external relations. (7) Especially as long as there exist hostile social orders according to Article 1 Paragraph (3), each societal entity according to Article 5 Paragraph (1) should maintain according to Article 5 Paragraph (6) an Administrative Sector for public relations that as effectively and quickly as possible counteracts any hostile attitudes or feelings against its societal entity or the Democratic World according to Article 4 as a whole, and that furthermore as effectively and fast as possible motivates more and more parts of other social orders to become part of the Democratic World according to Article 1 themselves. (8) Also in external relations, the Democratic World according to Article 1 Paragraph (1) uses no coercion, no violence, and no manipulation in the sense of the malicious use of psychological or sociological tricks to the detriment of the other party.

Article 13 — Transformation Provisions

‌ (1) All parts of the Democratic World according to Article 1 and Article 4 support, where this falls into their reach, and as far as it is practicably possible, parts of other social orders in their transition to the Democratic World, depending on their needs by simple information, by more extensively sharing knowledge, by practical training, by help in finding or founding a suitable basic societal structure according to Article 2, by other services, and/or by donating some resources. (2) The Democratic World Community according to Article 4 maintains according to Article 5 Paragraph (6) an Administrative Sector for public relations, whose tasks include to establish and maintain communication structures as effective as possible for making contacts, for coordination, and for sharing information, in particular for the purposes given in the Articles 2, 3, 4, 10, and 11. (3) Should another social order according to its own rules (such as provisions of its own constitution) declare itself dissolved, and a large number of persons in conjunction with this become a part of the Democratic World according to Article 1, then in order to avoid chaos and emergencies, a transitional period is to be observed, marked by ethical, economic strategy, and security strategy considerations, in which the rules and structures of the old social order at first are adopted completely as they had been, and within three years, as quickly as it is practicably possible for each, and as it is ethical regarding all the involved parties, are replaced by the rules and structures of the Democratic World according to this Constitution here. Former parts of the dissolved other social order that are not yet part of the Democratic World, as quickly as possible are to be given the opportunity to themselves become part of the Democratic World according to Article 1. (4) Any parts of the Democratic World according to Article 1 Paragraph (1) who jointly also are part of one hostile social order according to Article 1 Paragraph (3), can as part of public relations according to Article 12 Paragraph (7) strive for superseding the constitution of the hostile social order by this Constitution here according to Paragraph (3). For this purpose, they may create, depending on the population size of the hostile social order, a constitution for the intended societal entity according to Article 3 (e. g. a Democratic Federation), or constitutions for the several intended societal entities acording to Article 3 (e. g. Democratic Regions), which refer to this Constitution here, and reproduce it in its entirety, and do not restrict it by any provisions, and then according to Article 12 work towards having that constitution or constitutions supersede the constitution of the hostile social order.

Article 14 — Constitution Modification Rights

‌ (1) This Constitution is immutable, save for the exceptions given in the following paragraphs. (2) Spelling corrections and comparable, merely cosmetical corrections of the form of this Constitution are always permissible. (3) The Administrative Sector “System Performance” of the Democratic World Community according to Article 5 can, as soon as there exist at least five Democratic Federations according to Article 3 Paragraph (4), create in collective competency development that mandatorily is subject to approval by all within the meaning of Article 5 Paragraph (4) with an availability period of six months, updated versions of this Constitution, and put them into effect by widely publishing them in the Democratic World Community. In such new versions, it can alter figures (given in numerals or words), if necessary introduce even higher societal structures into Article 3, and change the reference language in Article 15 Paragraph (2) as well as the list of source languages in Article 15 Paragraph (1); any changes or additions beyond that are prohibited.

Article 15 — Constitution Translation Rights

‌ (1) This Constitution can be translated into any language, provided it is translated in its entirety, and as exactly and unambiguously as possible. The translation should always be based on either the English or the German version. (2) In cases of doubt, the English version is to be used as the reference for interpretations of provisions of this Constitution.
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